Reducing Violence in Society Essay Example for Free

Reducing Violence in Society Essay Finn’s that â€Å"we really understand the market only when we examine it within its [full] political, social, and cultural context† (p. 144). His use of the term the â€Å"moral ecology of markets† refers to his concept that markets involve complex interactions among a wide range of social factors that must be studied like an ecological system. Finn has identified four areas of morality:(1) government imposed constraints to markets that prevent market abuses, also they various opinions from left and right hinge on where fences should be built (2) the provision of essential goods and services to all persons, that means to redress distributional shortcomings of the market and balanced the demand and supply. (3) the morality of individuals and groups to restrain individual pursuit of self-interest by virtue. 4) the presence of civil society, in other worlds voluntary associations of individuals to achieve common goals. He suggests, is not between addressing these problems through totally free markets on the one hand, or some sort of centrally planned system on the other, since all real-world economic systems include some mix of markets and government involvement. Market systems provide some boundaries that limit or prohibit certain practices, and planned economies allow some decisions to be made by individuals. For all points of view from left to right, the assessment of justice will depend not only on the structure for markets themselves but also on the context of markets. Finn provides an economic defense of self-interest and market. Because he tried to believe that libertarians seek to defend markets without recourse to moral claims. However, they have failed eventually, because any defense of markets necessarily involves some moral claims, and indeed libertarians do accept some claims, though often implicitly. So that Finn proposes the â€Å"four problems of economic life†Ã¢â‚¬â€allocation, distribution, scale, and quality of relations—which all economic systems must address. The economic problems are interrelated, and attempts to solve on can have a beneficial or detrimental effects on the others. Begins with the â€Å"construction of fences† that defines the bounds of allowable market fences. They allow the established fences people are free to pursue their own interests. Simultaneously, USA people agree that current market fences are morally sufficient to prevent abuses. Since Finn argues that do acting on self-interest within the game is allowed. The executives should be responsible to shareholders and employees. It is not just corporation get profits as a main purpose, but also managers should consider others. For example a company had shortage, executives does not lay off its workers during a downturn in demand but rather reduces the wages and salaries of company employees, because everybody has right to pursue their self-interest. Employees also need to pay for their family or terrible life. Also, each person have desire to pursue self-interest in social and allow do acting within rules what they made, like the â€Å"construction of fences†, the multi-national corporation should obligate to treat all teams be fair. Finn’s arguments are not convincing. I do not think Finn’s account of self-interest promote mutual understanding. First, Finn’s account of self-interest fails to recognize that in most market exchanges neither the buyer nor the seller takes explicit account of his or her self-interest, nor the interest of others, but each simply â€Å"goes about his or her business. For example if I back to home and by the way go to supermarket to buy fruits and milk, I make calculations nor do I consider tradeoffs. I simply select the items, pay my bill, and head for home. I pursue my self-interest because I base my decision on factors such as convenience, bargains, but how often do â€Å"abuses† arise on account of self-interested behavior ? Second, Finn’s account of self-interest is that he seems to equate self-interested behavior with market behavior. A government officer might seek to enlarge his budget, or the number of workers reporting to him, so as to increase his salary.

Gangs and Violence in The Prison System Essay -- Criminal Justice

Gangs and Violence in the Prison System Introduction Gang violence is nationwide and is one of the most prominent problems in the prison system today. Gangs are known to attempt to control the prisons/jails, instill fear within the prison system and throughout the society, and bring negative attention to the system. â€Å"Gang affiliated inmates comprise about 18 percent of the 18000 inmate population.†(Seabrook) A growing numbers of inmates and a large amount of them serving longer sentences for violent crimes suggest a notable increase in gangs and violence in the prison system in the upcoming future. History â€Å"Prisons began to bulge with gang members when states enacted tougher laws for gang-related crime in the mid to late 1980s.†(Martinez) On one hand the laws enacted helped get gang members off the street, but in another way it backfired by not stopping the gangs’ activity. â€Å"In many ways their number and power grew even more in prison.†(Martinez) The problem of gangs and violence has been addressed many times throughout the years by the United States Correctional Board but the board has yet to take the problem seriously. Background Most gang members in prisons are introduced to the â€Å"gang life† at an early age and enter prison a member, but some become a member once behind bars mainly for the protection the gangs are known to provide. Gangs are known to purposely intimidate other inmates, thus reinforcing the reason why â€Å"one out of every ten male inmates† becomes a member once behind bars. (Knox) Most of the people who enter prison a member were sentenced for drug offenses. Prison gangs are well known for the handling of illegal substances, alcohol, or tobacco inside the correctional facilities, this is only a ... ... of Gangs and Security Threat Groups." National Gang Crime Research Center. 2005. Web. 28 Jan. 2012. . Martinez, Pila. "Novel Attempt to Curb Prison Gang Violence." The Christian Science Monitor. The Christian Science Monitor, 1 July 1999. Web. 28 Jan. 2012. . "Prison Gangs -- Gangs and Security Threat Group Awareness." Florida Department of Corrections. Florida Department of Corrections. Web. 28 Jan. 2012. . Seabrook, Norman. "Prison Violence on the Rise." USA Today. Buisness Library, Sept. 2005. Web. 28 Jan. 2012. . Yanez, Dominick. â€Å"Security Threat Group’s in the Correctional System Overview.† Sam Houston State University, Huntsville. 13 April. 2012. Lecture.

History Of Information Technology Essay

The history of the Information Technology has been divided into four periods Pre Mechanical (3000BC-1450AD). Mechanical (1450AD-1840AD). Electro Mechanical (1840AD-1970AD). Electronic (1970AD-Today) These periods are categorized with successful breakthroughs. The first economical computer was introduced in the year 1946, which is called Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIC). The general purpose computer was developed in the name of UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer) in 1940. Before it came into usage Lyons Electronic Office (LEO) came out and became the world’s first commercial computer. After this, there was a rapid development in the information technology starting from 1969-today, with the continuous development in the features of the computers. ARPANET is introduced in 1969, which is funded by the defence. First single chip processor was introduced by Intel and named as Intel 4004 in 1971. Graphical User Interface and Mouse are experimentally used by The Xerox Paulo Alto Research Center in 1973. The first electronic spreadsheet program was used in 1979. In 1981, IBM introduced first personal computer with operating system developed by Microsoft. . When did it (Information Technology) begin to impact society? The impact of science and technology on society is very high. The impact created by the information technology is even higher. It revolutionized the structure of the management and nature of competition in many of the industrial sector. IT became one the important service sector in many countries. In developed countries like USA it amounts to 74% of GDP, 76% of the national employment and also a trade of about $ 52 billions. Generally service sector includes technology-intensive and technically sophisticated firms in banking, insurance, transportation, health care, professional and personal services. IT with its advantages such as less expensive, more portable, better integrated and better embedded in many devices is in a position to reach out quickly. New applications and interactive multimedia systems for business, home entertainment, and communication purpose has enhanced the scope of IT and likely to evolve and also likely to have a profound effect on industry structure, employment and economic growth. Now a day’s world economy is booming with white – collar services rather than the blue collar services. The white collar services include research, education, design, accounting, marketing, logistic planning, communication, information management etc. these types of activities are important to the individual service industry. The standard of the living and the competitiveness in the world trade will be determined on how the information technology is deployed and used. Society is a broad grouping of people having common traditions, institutions, collective activities and interests. The integration of society and information technology can be seen in two areas, first the institutions and next the collective activities of the society. IT has influence on the common traditions such as customary pattern of thought, action or behavior and even religious practice or a social custom. With easy access to information, change is observed not only among people within, but through out the world. The social attitude of the citizens has also changed tremendously and every one is expecting various elements of that society to be better informed than before. They are getting more information regarding the subject matter of their choice and about the specific product. With the availability of information they are in a position to know about the services of any organizations and even its back ground. The institutions such as Governments, commercial businesses, News and Media organizations, Educational organizations also have profound influence on the society using the information technology. With the IT development the government is able to give the data easily and the people are able to receive information with out going to the government offices. There is lot of improvement in the e-governance too. IT also improved defense capabilities by helping government in gathering intelligence information. Information technology has helped commercial business activities by offering different software with advances of computer aided design, spread sheets, word processing software not only helped this branch commercially but also automated their business process. Use of internet and satellite television by News and Media organization is a perfect example of Information and Technology’s success. Education system became even closer to the students with the online studies. Even the researchers are able to make their research with wider source of information with in less time. What is the impact of technology on: Individuals Every individual is a part and parcel of the society. For the development of society proper interaction is also necessary. The IT has enhanced the scope of interaction among the members of the society. Introduction of online debates and online voting helped each individual to become part and parcel of administration system and giving a true meaning to Democracy. People are using emails, chartrooms, blogs etc,. Society is able to distribute information quickly, efficiently and cheaply. Society now expects the creation of new information to be facilitated by these new technologies Individual’s education became easy with the recent development in IT. gathering and storing information has become routine. . He is able to do online courses for his academic career, getting the online tutors etc. His mode of education has imparted several new technologies with the technical advancements. Now the designing work, architectural work etc, had been automated with the technical advancement. Information and technology has its mark on Economic reforms as well. In the modern world superior technologies have automated business process there by bringing pace in business activities. Invest management got organized with use of technology. The government has played major role in developing technology in many ways. The US Government invested billions of rupees to develop technology and with aim of making economically sound. Information Technology not only cost effective, it has helped individual to make decisions faster. As decision making has direct impact on profitability, with easy access to all the relevant data. In the due course wastage in terms of time, money and labor has drastically reduced.

Marketing Analysis Marketing Mix Essay - 2135 Words

The definition of ‘marketing’ is widely debated among numerous professionals within the industry, The Chartered Institute of Marketing defines the concept as ‘the management process responsible for anticipating and satisfying customer requirements profitably’ whereas Kotler and Armstrong define marketing more simply as ‘managing profitable customer relationships’. Fullerton and Mers go into more depth and consider how the idea of marketing is presented when in the context of the sporting industry, they believe ‘sports marketing consists of all activities designed to meet the needs and wants of sports consumers through exchange processes’. There are various formats of the marketing mix in circulation, it is essentially a set of considerations taken into account by business orientated organisations, including professional sports clubs, so that they can operate at optimum efficiency whilst attempting to achieve their particular market objective(s). The extended version of the marketing mix consists of; Product, Place, Price, Promotion, People, Process and Physical Evidence. It is called the Marketing Mix because each element will be used in different combinations depending upon the needs and characteristics of a particular market. External economic influences, changes in consumer behaviour and emerging technologies will cause the mix to be adapted in response to change. The ‘Product’ aspect refers to the actual good presented to the consumer, whether that be tangible orShow MoreRelatedMarketing Mix and Pestle Analysis of Mcdonalds in India3095 Words   |  13 Pagesafter the western operations in India.    The taste of the Chicken burger that one from Bangalore will be similar to that in Delhi if the point of purchase is Mc Donald. Mc Donald has become an integral part of today’s Indian metros.    PESTLE ANALYSIS    Pestle analysis is the done to analyze the macro environmental factors of a company or Industry.      Political Factors    The operation of any international company would be influenced by the local regional policy and rules. Similarly Mc Donald’s India isRead MoreMarketing Mix Analysis, And s Growth Matrix3309 Words   |  14 Pagesaddress and highlight strategies such as: Porters five forces, Marketing mix analysis, and Ansoff s growth matrix. These strategies are all useful tools companies use in order to become better companies and increase sales. At the end I will state my opinions on the company Beats. Table of Contents I. Executive Summary Page 3 II. Introduction Page 5 III. Main Features IV. Porter Five Forces Analysis a. Industry Competition b. Threat of Potential Entrants c.Read MoreSwot Analysis : Marketing Mix Strategy1227 Words   |  5 Pagesrate. (Tootelian et al, 2012 ABS, 2011). Marketing Mix Strategy. The marketing mix is the usual ways of controlling, planning marketing equipment’s that an organisation or a company uses to produce a reasonable and desirable reply from its target market (Gronroos, 1994). The marketing mix strategy comprises of whatever influences demand that a company want to do in order to generate production. It is a very crucial instrument that help in marketing planning systems and performance (Cousins, 1991)Read MoreMarketing Analysis : Marketing Mix1682 Words   |  7 PagesMarketing Analysis: Marketing Mix is the set of tactical marketing tools that can be blended by an organization to establish strong positioning in the targeted market. An effective marketing program blends each marketing mix element into an integrated marketing program designed to achieve the company’s marketing objectives by delivering values to consumers. [1] Figure 1: Marketing activities covered under four P’s [2] Product: Quality: Coca Cola was formulated in 1886 by John Permberton, a pharmacistRead MoreMarketing Analysis : Marketing Mix1628 Words   |  7 PagesMarketing mix is one of the most frequently marketing tool that company use to launch and promote its products. 4Ps associated with the marketing mix which are product, price, place and promotion. IKEA used the marketing mix to describe the essential elements of a marketing strategy. It is important to IKEA because it can help to determine the suitability of the product or service for a particular consumer base. Product Product is the first variable in marketing mix because product decisions areRead MoreMarketing Analysis : Marketing Mix2079 Words   |  9 Pages3.0 Marketing Strategy 3.1 Marketing Mix The portion of Strabucks marketing is reflecting the social aspects of their customers, while the other portion is focused on rebranding of their locations. Starbuck s marketing mix(4P s) indicates the importance of this marketing tool as a way to ensure that the firm promotes the right product at the right place and with right pricing. 3.1.1 Product/Service The customers demand Starbucks to be innovative. Starbucks is focusing on the food side ofRead MoreMarketing Analysis : Marketing Mix1061 Words   |  5 PagesMARKETING MIX ANALYSIS 1. Product Our brand name is Unique Scent and the product we are offering is customized perfume. We offer premium quality, using the best European ingredients and raw materials. Here is our brand mark – The store offers over 50 exclusive pure essences of fragrance to choose from, that gives cus-tomers unique possibility to experience creating their own perfume. It is possible to test entire product range in the store to create personal scent. The fragrance notes are asRead MoreMarketing Analysis : Marketing Mix Essay2245 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Marketing plays a more and more important part in people’s daily lives. It’s hard to give a specific describe for marketing, but it does influence each people’s daily life even not everyone has a sense of marketing. It connects customer with business, its final purpose is making both customers and companies happy. As companies should realize people’s need and make their product have value for customers, they may figure out what’s customers’ expectation, how to make the design, qualityRead MoreMarketing Analysis : Marketing Mix Essay1896 Words   |  8 Pages Marketing mix are the set of marketing tools that firm uses to pursue its marketing objectives in the target market. The various variable of the marketing mix : 1. PRODUCT MIX 2. PRICE MIX 3. PLACE MIX 4. PROMOTION MIX Promotion is the important element of marketing mix. Promotion is related with all steps taken to provide information about a product to the customer. It is a common mistake to believe that promotion by business is all about advertising. There are a variety of approaches thatRead MoreMarketing Mix Strategy And Analysis1387 Words   |  6 Pagesstores available in all prime location near to all amenities and public can reach their easily. Marketing Mix Strategy Analysis [Introduction] Marketing Plays a vital role in a business, because of marketing the business can offer their offerings and to their customers and provides the services. Marketing is a combination of 4 P’s which are Product, Prize, Place and promotion, to Analysis the marketing of this business, I am explaining the points are given below, which helps to understand the business